feat(client): redesign frontend with TailwindCSS v4

Replace inline styles with TailwindCSS, implementing a cohesive Japanese-inspired
design system with custom colors (cream, teal primary), typography (Fraunces,
DM Sans), and animations. Update all pages and components with consistent styling,
improve accessibility by adding aria-hidden to decorative SVGs, and configure
Biome for Tailwind CSS syntax support.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

9 files changed, 961 insertions, 547 deletions

diff --git a/src/client/pages/DeckDetailPage.test.tsx b/src/client/pages/DeckDetailPage.test.tsx
index 0589073..e4ecade 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/DeckDetailPage.test.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/DeckDetailPage.test.tsx
@@ -151,7 +151,8 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 
 		renderWithProviders();
 
-		expect(screen.getByText("Loading...")).toBeDefined();
+		// Loading state shows spinner (svg with animate-spin class)
+		expect(document.querySelector(".animate-spin")).toBeDefined();
 	});
 
 	it("displays empty state when no cards exist", async () => {
@@ -168,9 +169,9 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 		renderWithProviders();
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
-			expect(screen.getByText("This deck has no cards yet.")).toBeDefined();
+			expect(screen.getByText("No cards yet")).toBeDefined();
 		});
-		expect(screen.getByText("Add cards to start studying!")).toBeDefined();
+		expect(screen.getByText("Add cards to start studying")).toBeDefined();
 	});
 
 	it("displays list of cards", async () => {
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 		renderWithProviders();
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
-			expect(screen.getByRole("heading", { name: "Cards (2)" })).toBeDefined();
+			expect(screen.getByText("(2)")).toBeDefined();
 		});
 	});
 
@@ -226,9 +227,9 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 		renderWithProviders();
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
-			expect(screen.getByText("State: New")).toBeDefined();
+			expect(screen.getByText("New")).toBeDefined();
 		});
-		expect(screen.getByText("State: Review")).toBeDefined();
+		expect(screen.getByText("Review")).toBeDefined();
 	});
 
 	it("displays card stats (reps and lapses)", async () => {
@@ -245,11 +246,10 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 		renderWithProviders();
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
-			expect(screen.getByText("Reviews: 0")).toBeDefined();
+			expect(screen.getByText("0 reviews")).toBeDefined();
 		});
-		expect(screen.getByText("Reviews: 5")).toBeDefined();
-		expect(screen.getByText("Lapses: 0")).toBeDefined();
-		expect(screen.getByText("Lapses: 1")).toBeDefined();
+		expect(screen.getByText("5 reviews")).toBeDefined();
+		expect(screen.getByText("1 lapses")).toBeDefined();
 	});
 
 	it("displays error on API failure for deck", async () => {
@@ -391,7 +391,9 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 				expect(screen.getByText("Hello")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete card",
+			});
 			expect(deleteButtons.length).toBe(2);
 		});
 
@@ -414,7 +416,9 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 				expect(screen.getByText("Hello")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete card",
+			});
 			const firstDeleteButton = deleteButtons[0];
 			if (firstDeleteButton) {
 				await user.click(firstDeleteButton);
@@ -445,7 +449,9 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 				expect(screen.getByText("Hello")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete card",
+			});
 			const firstDeleteButton = deleteButtons[0];
 			if (firstDeleteButton) {
 				await user.click(firstDeleteButton);
@@ -488,18 +494,20 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 				expect(screen.getByText("Hello")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete card",
+			});
 			const firstDeleteButton = deleteButtons[0];
 			if (firstDeleteButton) {
 				await user.click(firstDeleteButton);
 			}
 
-			// Find the Delete button in the modal (not the card list)
-			const modalDeleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
-				name: "Delete",
-			});
-			const confirmDeleteButton = modalDeleteButtons.find((btn) =>
-				btn.closest('[role="dialog"]'),
+			// Find the Delete button in the modal (using the button's text content)
+			const dialog = screen.getByRole("dialog");
+			const modalButtons = dialog.querySelectorAll("button");
+			// Find the button with "Delete" text (not "Cancel")
+			const confirmDeleteButton = Array.from(modalButtons).find((btn) =>
+				btn.textContent?.includes("Delete"),
 			);
 			if (confirmDeleteButton) {
 				await user.click(confirmDeleteButton);
@@ -518,9 +526,7 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 
 			// Verify card count updated
 			await waitFor(() => {
-				expect(
-					screen.getByRole("heading", { name: "Cards (1)" }),
-				).toBeDefined();
+				expect(screen.getByText("(1)")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 		});
 
@@ -550,18 +556,20 @@ describe("DeckDetailPage", () => {
 				expect(screen.getByText("Hello")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete card",
+			});
 			const firstDeleteButton = deleteButtons[0];
 			if (firstDeleteButton) {
 				await user.click(firstDeleteButton);
 			}
 
-			// Find the Delete button in the modal
-			const modalDeleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
-				name: "Delete",
-			});
-			const confirmDeleteButton = modalDeleteButtons.find((btn) =>
-				btn.closest('[role="dialog"]'),
+			// Find the Delete button in the modal (using the button's text content)
+			const dialog = screen.getByRole("dialog");
+			const modalButtons = dialog.querySelectorAll("button");
+			// Find the button with "Delete" text (not "Cancel")
+			const confirmDeleteButton = Array.from(modalButtons).find((btn) =>
+				btn.textContent?.includes("Delete"),
 			);
 			if (confirmDeleteButton) {
 				await user.click(confirmDeleteButton);
diff --git a/src/client/pages/DeckDetailPage.tsx b/src/client/pages/DeckDetailPage.tsx
index 3d7ffb5..cb1e3fb 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/DeckDetailPage.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/DeckDetailPage.tsx
@@ -31,6 +31,13 @@ const CardStateLabels: Record<number, string> = {
 	3: "Relearning",
 };
 
+const CardStateColors: Record<number, string> = {
+	0: "bg-info/10 text-info",
+	1: "bg-warning/10 text-warning",
+	2: "bg-success/10 text-success",
+	3: "bg-error/10 text-error",
+};
+
 export function DeckDetailPage() {
 	const { deckId } = useParams<{ deckId: string }>();
 	const [deck, setDeck] = useState<Deck | null>(null);
@@ -114,195 +121,318 @@ export function DeckDetailPage() {
 
 	if (!deckId) {
 		return (
-			<div>
-				<p>Invalid deck ID</p>
-				<Link href="/">Back to decks</Link>
+			<div className="min-h-screen bg-cream flex items-center justify-center">
+				<div className="text-center">
+					<p className="text-muted mb-4">Invalid deck ID</p>
+					<Link
+						href="/"
+						className="text-primary hover:text-primary-dark font-medium"
+					>
+						Back to decks
+					</Link>
+				</div>
 			</div>
 		);
 	}
 
 	return (
-		<div>
-			<header style={{ marginBottom: "1rem" }}>
-				<Link href="/" style={{ textDecoration: "none" }}>
-					&larr; Back to Decks
-				</Link>
-			</header>
-
-			{isLoading && <p>Loading...</p>}
-
-			{error && (
-				<div role="alert" style={{ color: "red" }}>
-					{error}
-					<button
-						type="button"
-						onClick={fetchData}
-						style={{ marginLeft: "0.5rem" }}
+		<div className="min-h-screen bg-cream">
+			{/* Header */}
+			<header className="bg-white border-b border-border/50">
+				<div className="max-w-4xl mx-auto px-4 py-4">
+					<Link
+						href="/"
+						className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 text-muted hover:text-slate transition-colors text-sm"
 					>
-						Retry
-					</button>
+						<svg
+							className="w-4 h-4"
+							fill="none"
+							stroke="currentColor"
+							viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+							aria-hidden="true"
+						>
+							<path
+								strokeLinecap="round"
+								strokeLinejoin="round"
+								strokeWidth={2}
+								d="M15 19l-7-7 7-7"
+							/>
+						</svg>
+						Back to Decks
+					</Link>
 				</div>
-			)}
+			</header>
 
-			{!isLoading && !error && deck && (
-				<main>
-					<div style={{ marginBottom: "1.5rem" }}>
-						<h1 style={{ margin: 0 }}>{deck.name}</h1>
-						{deck.description && (
-							<p style={{ margin: "0.5rem 0 0 0", color: "#666" }}>
-								{deck.description}
-							</p>
-						)}
+			{/* Main Content */}
+			<main className="max-w-4xl mx-auto px-4 py-8">
+				{/* Loading State */}
+				{isLoading && (
+					<div className="flex items-center justify-center py-12">
+						<svg
+							className="animate-spin h-8 w-8 text-primary"
+							viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+							aria-hidden="true"
+						>
+							<circle
+								className="opacity-25"
+								cx="12"
+								cy="12"
+								r="10"
+								stroke="currentColor"
+								strokeWidth="4"
+								fill="none"
+							/>
+							<path
+								className="opacity-75"
+								fill="currentColor"
+								d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4z"
+							/>
+						</svg>
 					</div>
+				)}
 
+				{/* Error State */}
+				{error && (
 					<div
-						style={{
-							display: "flex",
-							gap: "0.5rem",
-							marginBottom: "1rem",
-						}}
+						role="alert"
+						className="bg-error/5 border border-error/20 rounded-xl p-4 flex items-center justify-between"
 					>
-						<Link href={`/decks/${deckId}/study`}>
+						<span className="text-error">{error}</span>
+						<button
+							type="button"
+							onClick={fetchData}
+							className="text-error hover:text-error/80 font-medium text-sm"
+						>
+							Retry
+						</button>
+					</div>
+				)}
+
+				{/* Deck Content */}
+				{!isLoading && !error && deck && (
+					<div className="animate-fade-in">
+						{/* Deck Header */}
+						<div className="mb-8">
+							<h1 className="font-display text-3xl font-semibold text-ink mb-2">
+								{deck.name}
+							</h1>
+							{deck.description && (
+								<p className="text-muted">{deck.description}</p>
+							)}
+						</div>
+
+						{/* Study Button */}
+						<div className="mb-8">
+							<Link
+								href={`/decks/${deckId}/study`}
+								className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 bg-success hover:bg-success/90 text-white font-medium py-3 px-6 rounded-xl transition-all duration-200 active:scale-[0.98] shadow-sm hover:shadow-md"
+							>
+								<svg
+									className="w-5 h-5"
+									fill="none"
+									stroke="currentColor"
+									viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+									aria-hidden="true"
+								>
+									<path
+										strokeLinecap="round"
+										strokeLinejoin="round"
+										strokeWidth={2}
+										d="M14.752 11.168l-3.197-2.132A1 1 0 0010 9.87v4.263a1 1 0 001.555.832l3.197-2.132a1 1 0 000-1.664z"
+									/>
+									<path
+										strokeLinecap="round"
+										strokeLinejoin="round"
+										strokeWidth={2}
+										d="M21 12a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"
+									/>
+								</svg>
+								Study Now
+							</Link>
+						</div>
+
+						{/* Cards Section */}
+						<div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-6">
+							<h2 className="font-display text-xl font-medium text-slate">
+								Cards{" "}
+								<span className="text-muted font-normal">({cards.length})</span>
+							</h2>
 							<button
 								type="button"
-								style={{
-									backgroundColor: "#28a745",
-									color: "white",
-									border: "none",
-									padding: "0.5rem 1rem",
-									borderRadius: "4px",
-									cursor: "pointer",
-								}}
+								onClick={() => setIsCreateModalOpen(true)}
+								className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 bg-primary hover:bg-primary-dark text-white font-medium py-2 px-4 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200 active:scale-[0.98]"
 							>
-								Study Now
+								<svg
+									className="w-5 h-5"
+									fill="none"
+									stroke="currentColor"
+									viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+									aria-hidden="true"
+								>
+									<path
+										strokeLinecap="round"
+										strokeLinejoin="round"
+										strokeWidth={2}
+										d="M12 4v16m8-8H4"
+									/>
+								</svg>
+								Add Card
 							</button>
-						</Link>
-					</div>
-
-					<div
-						style={{
-							display: "flex",
-							justifyContent: "space-between",
-							alignItems: "center",
-							marginBottom: "1rem",
-						}}
-					>
-						<h2 style={{ margin: 0 }}>Cards ({cards.length})</h2>
-						<button type="button" onClick={() => setIsCreateModalOpen(true)}>
-							Add Card
-						</button>
-					</div>
-
-					{cards.length === 0 && (
-						<div>
-							<p>This deck has no cards yet.</p>
-							<p>Add cards to start studying!</p>
 						</div>
-					)}
-
-					{cards.length > 0 && (
-						<ul style={{ listStyle: "none", padding: 0 }}>
-							{cards.map((card) => (
-								<li
-									key={card.id}
-									style={{
-										border: "1px solid #ccc",
-										padding: "1rem",
-										marginBottom: "0.5rem",
-										borderRadius: "4px",
-									}}
+
+						{/* Empty State */}
+						{cards.length === 0 && (
+							<div className="text-center py-12 bg-white rounded-xl border border-border/50">
+								<div className="w-14 h-14 mx-auto mb-4 bg-ivory rounded-xl flex items-center justify-center">
+									<svg
+										className="w-7 h-7 text-muted"
+										fill="none"
+										stroke="currentColor"
+										viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+										aria-hidden="true"
+									>
+										<path
+											strokeLinecap="round"
+											strokeLinejoin="round"
+											strokeWidth={1.5}
+											d="M9 12h6m-6 4h6m2 5H7a2 2 0 01-2-2V5a2 2 0 012-2h5.586a1 1 0 01.707.293l5.414 5.414a1 1 0 01.293.707V19a2 2 0 01-2 2z"
+										/>
+									</svg>
+								</div>
+								<h3 className="font-display text-lg font-medium text-slate mb-2">
+									No cards yet
+								</h3>
+								<p className="text-muted text-sm mb-4">
+									Add cards to start studying
+								</p>
+								<button
+									type="button"
+									onClick={() => setIsCreateModalOpen(true)}
+									className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 bg-primary hover:bg-primary-dark text-white font-medium py-2 px-4 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200"
 								>
+									<svg
+										className="w-5 h-5"
+										fill="none"
+										stroke="currentColor"
+										viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+										aria-hidden="true"
+									>
+										<path
+											strokeLinecap="round"
+											strokeLinejoin="round"
+											strokeWidth={2}
+											d="M12 4v16m8-8H4"
+										/>
+									</svg>
+									Add Your First Card
+								</button>
+							</div>
+						)}
+
+						{/* Card List */}
+						{cards.length > 0 && (
+							<div className="space-y-3">
+								{cards.map((card, index) => (
 									<div
-										style={{
-											display: "flex",
-											justifyContent: "space-between",
-											alignItems: "flex-start",
-										}}
+										key={card.id}
+										className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-border/50 p-5 shadow-card hover:shadow-md transition-all duration-200"
+										style={{ animationDelay: `${index * 30}ms` }}
 									>
-										<div style={{ flex: 1, minWidth: 0 }}>
-											<div
-												style={{
-													display: "flex",
-													gap: "1rem",
-													marginBottom: "0.5rem",
-												}}
-											>
-												<div style={{ flex: 1, minWidth: 0 }}>
-													<strong>Front:</strong>
-													<p
-														style={{
-															margin: "0.25rem 0 0 0",
-															whiteSpace: "pre-wrap",
-															wordBreak: "break-word",
-														}}
-													>
-														{card.front}
-													</p>
+										<div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4">
+											<div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
+												{/* Front/Back Preview */}
+												<div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 mb-3">
+													<div>
+														<span className="text-xs font-medium text-muted uppercase tracking-wide">
+															Front
+														</span>
+														<p className="mt-1 text-slate text-sm line-clamp-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words">
+															{card.front}
+														</p>
+													</div>
+													<div>
+														<span className="text-xs font-medium text-muted uppercase tracking-wide">
+															Back
+														</span>
+														<p className="mt-1 text-slate text-sm line-clamp-2 whitespace-pre-wrap break-words">
+															{card.back}
+														</p>
+													</div>
 												</div>
-												<div style={{ flex: 1, minWidth: 0 }}>
-													<strong>Back:</strong>
-													<p
-														style={{
-															margin: "0.25rem 0 0 0",
-															whiteSpace: "pre-wrap",
-															wordBreak: "break-word",
-														}}
+
+												{/* Card Stats */}
+												<div className="flex items-center gap-3 text-xs">
+													<span
+														className={`px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full font-medium ${CardStateColors[card.state] || "bg-muted/10 text-muted"}`}
 													>
-														{card.back}
-													</p>
+														{CardStateLabels[card.state] || "Unknown"}
+													</span>
+													<span className="text-muted">
+														{card.reps} reviews
+													</span>
+													{card.lapses > 0 && (
+														<span className="text-muted">
+															{card.lapses} lapses
+														</span>
+													)}
 												</div>
 											</div>
-											<div
-												style={{
-													display: "flex",
-													gap: "1rem",
-													fontSize: "0.875rem",
-													color: "#666",
-												}}
-											>
-												<span>
-													State: {CardStateLabels[card.state] || "Unknown"}
-												</span>
-												<span>Reviews: {card.reps}</span>
-												<span>Lapses: {card.lapses}</span>
+
+											{/* Actions */}
+											<div className="flex items-center gap-1 shrink-0">
+												<button
+													type="button"
+													onClick={() => setEditingCard(card)}
+													className="p-2 text-muted hover:text-slate hover:bg-ivory rounded-lg transition-colors"
+													title="Edit card"
+												>
+													<svg
+														className="w-4 h-4"
+														fill="none"
+														stroke="currentColor"
+														viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+														aria-hidden="true"
+													>
+														<path
+															strokeLinecap="round"
+															strokeLinejoin="round"
+															strokeWidth={2}
+															d="M11 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v11a2 2 0 002 2h11a2 2 0 002-2v-5m-1.414-9.414a2 2 0 112.828 2.828L11.828 15H9v-2.828l8.586-8.586z"
+														/>
+													</svg>
+												</button>
+												<button
+													type="button"
+													onClick={() => setDeletingCard(card)}
+													className="p-2 text-muted hover:text-error hover:bg-error/5 rounded-lg transition-colors"
+													title="Delete card"
+												>
+													<svg
+														className="w-4 h-4"
+														fill="none"
+														stroke="currentColor"
+														viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+														aria-hidden="true"
+													>
+														<path
+															strokeLinecap="round"
+															strokeLinejoin="round"
+															strokeWidth={2}
+															d="M19 7l-.867 12.142A2 2 0 0116.138 21H7.862a2 2 0 01-1.995-1.858L5 7m5 4v6m4-6v6m1-10V4a1 1 0 00-1-1h-4a1 1 0 00-1 1v3M4 7h16"
+														/>
+													</svg>
+												</button>
 											</div>
 										</div>
-										<div
-											style={{
-												display: "flex",
-												gap: "0.5rem",
-												marginLeft: "1rem",
-											}}
-										>
-											<button
-												type="button"
-												onClick={() => setEditingCard(card)}
-											>
-												Edit
-											</button>
-											<button
-												type="button"
-												onClick={() => setDeletingCard(card)}
-												style={{
-													backgroundColor: "#dc3545",
-													color: "white",
-													border: "none",
-													padding: "0.5rem 1rem",
-													borderRadius: "4px",
-													cursor: "pointer",
-												}}
-											>
-												Delete
-											</button>
-										</div>
 									</div>
-								</li>
-							))}
-						</ul>
-					)}
-				</main>
-			)}
+								))}
+							</div>
+						)}
+					</div>
+				)}
+			</main>
 
+			{/* Modals */}
 			{deckId && (
 				<CreateCardModal
 					isOpen={isCreateModalOpen}
diff --git a/src/client/pages/HomePage.test.tsx b/src/client/pages/HomePage.test.tsx
index 18c2e76..5b8489a 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/HomePage.test.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/HomePage.test.tsx
@@ -137,7 +137,8 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 
 		renderWithProviders();
 
-		expect(screen.getByText("Loading decks...")).toBeDefined();
+		// Loading state shows spinner (svg with animate-spin class)
+		expect(document.querySelector(".animate-spin")).toBeDefined();
 	});
 
 	it("displays empty state when no decks exist", async () => {
@@ -151,10 +152,10 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 		renderWithProviders();
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
-			expect(screen.getByText("You don't have any decks yet.")).toBeDefined();
+			expect(screen.getByText("No decks yet")).toBeDefined();
 		});
 		expect(
-			screen.getByText("Create your first deck to start learning!"),
+			screen.getByText("Create your first deck to start learning"),
 		).toBeDefined();
 	});
 
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 		renderWithProviders();
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
-			expect(screen.queryByText("Loading decks...")).toBeNull();
+			expect(screen.getByText("No decks yet")).toBeDefined();
 		});
 
 		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Logout" }));
@@ -290,11 +291,11 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			).toBeDefined();
 		});
 
-		// The deck item should only contain the heading, no description paragraph
-		const deckItem = screen
+		// The deck card should only contain the heading, no description paragraph
+		const deckCard = screen
 			.getByRole("heading", { name: "No Description Deck" })
-			.closest("li");
-		expect(deckItem?.querySelectorAll("p").length).toBe(0);
+			.closest("div[class*='bg-white']");
+		expect(deckCard?.querySelectorAll("p").length).toBe(0);
 	});
 
 	it("passes auth header when fetching decks", async () => {
@@ -315,7 +316,7 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 	});
 
 	describe("Create Deck", () => {
-		it("shows Create Deck button", async () => {
+		it("shows New Deck button", async () => {
 			vi.mocked(apiClient.rpc.api.decks.$get).mockResolvedValue(
 				mockResponse({
 					ok: true,
@@ -326,13 +327,13 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			renderWithProviders();
 
 			await waitFor(() => {
-				expect(screen.queryByText("Loading decks...")).toBeNull();
+				expect(screen.getByText("No decks yet")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			expect(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Create Deck" })).toBeDefined();
+			expect(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /New Deck/i })).toBeDefined();
 		});
 
-		it("opens modal when Create Deck button is clicked", async () => {
+		it("opens modal when New Deck button is clicked", async () => {
 			const user = userEvent.setup();
 			vi.mocked(apiClient.rpc.api.decks.$get).mockResolvedValue(
 				mockResponse({
@@ -344,10 +345,10 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			renderWithProviders();
 
 			await waitFor(() => {
-				expect(screen.queryByText("Loading decks...")).toBeNull();
+				expect(screen.getByText("No decks yet")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Create Deck" }));
+			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /New Deck/i }));
 
 			expect(screen.getByRole("dialog")).toBeDefined();
 			expect(
@@ -367,10 +368,10 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			renderWithProviders();
 
 			await waitFor(() => {
-				expect(screen.queryByText("Loading decks...")).toBeNull();
+				expect(screen.getByText("No decks yet")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Create Deck" }));
+			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /New Deck/i }));
 			expect(screen.getByRole("dialog")).toBeDefined();
 
 			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Cancel" }));
@@ -413,11 +414,11 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			renderWithProviders();
 
 			await waitFor(() => {
-				expect(screen.queryByText("Loading decks...")).toBeNull();
+				expect(screen.getByText("No decks yet")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
 			// Open modal
-			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Create Deck" }));
+			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: /New Deck/i }));
 
 			// Fill in form
 			await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Name"), "New Deck");
@@ -427,7 +428,7 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			);
 
 			// Submit
-			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Create" }));
+			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Create Deck" }));
 
 			// Modal should close
 			await waitFor(() => {
@@ -462,7 +463,7 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 				).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const editButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Edit" });
+			const editButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Edit deck" });
 			expect(editButtons.length).toBe(2);
 		});
 
@@ -483,7 +484,7 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 				).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const editButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Edit" });
+			const editButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Edit deck" });
 			await user.click(editButtons.at(0) as HTMLElement);
 
 			expect(screen.getByRole("dialog")).toBeDefined();
@@ -511,7 +512,7 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 				).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const editButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Edit" });
+			const editButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Edit deck" });
 			await user.click(editButtons.at(0) as HTMLElement);
 
 			expect(screen.getByRole("dialog")).toBeDefined();
@@ -556,7 +557,7 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			});
 
 			// Click Edit on first deck
-			const editButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Edit" });
+			const editButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Edit deck" });
 			await user.click(editButtons.at(0) as HTMLElement);
 
 			// Update name
@@ -565,7 +566,7 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			await user.type(nameInput, "Updated Japanese");
 
 			// Save
-			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Save" }));
+			await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Save Changes" }));
 
 			// Modal should close
 			await waitFor(() => {
@@ -601,7 +602,9 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 				).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete deck",
+			});
 			expect(deleteButtons.length).toBe(2);
 		});
 
@@ -622,7 +625,9 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 				).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete deck",
+			});
 			await user.click(deleteButtons.at(0) as HTMLElement);
 
 			expect(screen.getByRole("dialog")).toBeDefined();
@@ -651,7 +656,9 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 				).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete deck",
+			});
 			await user.click(deleteButtons.at(0) as HTMLElement);
 
 			expect(screen.getByRole("dialog")).toBeDefined();
@@ -692,7 +699,9 @@ describe("HomePage", () => {
 			});
 
 			// Click Delete on first deck
-			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", { name: "Delete" });
+			const deleteButtons = screen.getAllByRole("button", {
+				name: "Delete deck",
+			});
 			await user.click(deleteButtons.at(0) as HTMLElement);
 
 			// Wait for modal to appear
diff --git a/src/client/pages/HomePage.tsx b/src/client/pages/HomePage.tsx
index 783e623..fcae971 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/HomePage.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/HomePage.tsx
@@ -62,122 +62,226 @@ export function HomePage() {
 	}, [fetchDecks]);
 
 	return (
-		<div>
-			<header
-				style={{
-					display: "flex",
-					justifyContent: "space-between",
-					alignItems: "center",
-					marginBottom: "1rem",
-				}}
-			>
-				<h1>Kioku</h1>
-				<div style={{ display: "flex", alignItems: "center", gap: "1rem" }}>
-					<SyncStatusIndicator />
-					<SyncButton />
-					<button type="button" onClick={logout}>
-						Logout
-					</button>
+		<div className="min-h-screen bg-cream">
+			{/* Header */}
+			<header className="bg-white border-b border-border/50 sticky top-0 z-10">
+				<div className="max-w-4xl mx-auto px-4 py-4 flex items-center justify-between">
+					<h1 className="font-display text-2xl font-semibold text-ink">
+						Kioku
+					</h1>
+					<div className="flex items-center gap-3">
+						<SyncStatusIndicator />
+						<SyncButton />
+						<button
+							type="button"
+							onClick={logout}
+							className="text-sm text-muted hover:text-slate transition-colors px-3 py-1.5 rounded-lg hover:bg-ivory"
+						>
+							Logout
+						</button>
+					</div>
 				</div>
 			</header>
 
-			<main>
-				<div
-					style={{
-						display: "flex",
-						justifyContent: "space-between",
-						alignItems: "center",
-						marginBottom: "1rem",
-					}}
-				>
-					<h2 style={{ margin: 0 }}>Your Decks</h2>
-					<button type="button" onClick={() => setIsCreateModalOpen(true)}>
-						Create Deck
+			{/* Main Content */}
+			<main className="max-w-4xl mx-auto px-4 py-8">
+				{/* Section Header */}
+				<div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-6">
+					<h2 className="font-display text-xl font-medium text-slate">
+						Your Decks
+					</h2>
+					<button
+						type="button"
+						onClick={() => setIsCreateModalOpen(true)}
+						className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 bg-primary hover:bg-primary-dark text-white font-medium py-2 px-4 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200 active:scale-[0.98] shadow-sm hover:shadow-md"
+					>
+						<svg
+							className="w-5 h-5"
+							fill="none"
+							stroke="currentColor"
+							viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+							aria-hidden="true"
+						>
+							<path
+								strokeLinecap="round"
+								strokeLinejoin="round"
+								strokeWidth={2}
+								d="M12 4v16m8-8H4"
+							/>
+						</svg>
+						New Deck
 					</button>
 				</div>
 
-				{isLoading && <p>Loading decks...</p>}
+				{/* Loading State */}
+				{isLoading && (
+					<div className="flex items-center justify-center py-12">
+						<svg
+							className="animate-spin h-8 w-8 text-primary"
+							viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+							aria-hidden="true"
+						>
+							<circle
+								className="opacity-25"
+								cx="12"
+								cy="12"
+								r="10"
+								stroke="currentColor"
+								strokeWidth="4"
+								fill="none"
+							/>
+							<path
+								className="opacity-75"
+								fill="currentColor"
+								d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4z"
+							/>
+						</svg>
+					</div>
+				)}
 
+				{/* Error State */}
 				{error && (
-					<div role="alert" style={{ color: "red" }}>
-						{error}
+					<div
+						role="alert"
+						className="bg-error/5 border border-error/20 rounded-xl p-4 flex items-center justify-between"
+					>
+						<span className="text-error">{error}</span>
 						<button
 							type="button"
 							onClick={fetchDecks}
-							style={{ marginLeft: "0.5rem" }}
+							className="text-error hover:text-error/80 font-medium text-sm"
 						>
 							Retry
 						</button>
 					</div>
 				)}
 
+				{/* Empty State */}
 				{!isLoading && !error && decks.length === 0 && (
-					<div>
-						<p>You don't have any decks yet.</p>
-						<p>Create your first deck to start learning!</p>
+					<div className="text-center py-16 animate-fade-in">
+						<div className="w-16 h-16 mx-auto mb-4 bg-ivory rounded-2xl flex items-center justify-center">
+							<svg
+								className="w-8 h-8 text-muted"
+								fill="none"
+								stroke="currentColor"
+								viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+								aria-hidden="true"
+							>
+								<path
+									strokeLinecap="round"
+									strokeLinejoin="round"
+									strokeWidth={1.5}
+									d="M19 11H5m14 0a2 2 0 012 2v6a2 2 0 01-2 2H5a2 2 0 01-2-2v-6a2 2 0 012-2m14 0V9a2 2 0 00-2-2M5 11V9a2 2 0 012-2m0 0V5a2 2 0 012-2h6a2 2 0 012 2v2M7 7h10"
+								/>
+							</svg>
+						</div>
+						<h3 className="font-display text-lg font-medium text-slate mb-2">
+							No decks yet
+						</h3>
+						<p className="text-muted text-sm mb-6">
+							Create your first deck to start learning
+						</p>
+						<button
+							type="button"
+							onClick={() => setIsCreateModalOpen(true)}
+							className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 bg-primary hover:bg-primary-dark text-white font-medium py-2.5 px-5 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200"
+						>
+							<svg
+								className="w-5 h-5"
+								fill="none"
+								stroke="currentColor"
+								viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+								aria-hidden="true"
+							>
+								<path
+									strokeLinecap="round"
+									strokeLinejoin="round"
+									strokeWidth={2}
+									d="M12 4v16m8-8H4"
+								/>
+							</svg>
+							Create Your First Deck
+						</button>
 					</div>
 				)}
 
+				{/* Deck List */}
 				{!isLoading && !error && decks.length > 0 && (
-					<ul style={{ listStyle: "none", padding: 0 }}>
-						{decks.map((deck) => (
-							<li
+					<div className="space-y-3 animate-fade-in">
+						{decks.map((deck, index) => (
+							<div
 								key={deck.id}
-								style={{
-									border: "1px solid #ccc",
-									padding: "1rem",
-									marginBottom: "0.5rem",
-									borderRadius: "4px",
-								}}
+								className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-border/50 p-5 shadow-card hover:shadow-md transition-all duration-200 group"
+								style={{ animationDelay: `${index * 50}ms` }}
 							>
-								<div
-									style={{
-										display: "flex",
-										justifyContent: "space-between",
-										alignItems: "flex-start",
-									}}
-								>
-									<div>
-										<h3 style={{ margin: 0 }}>
-											<Link
-												href={`/decks/${deck.id}`}
-												style={{ textDecoration: "none", color: "inherit" }}
-											>
+								<div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4">
+									<div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
+										<Link
+											href={`/decks/${deck.id}`}
+											className="block group-hover:text-primary transition-colors"
+										>
+											<h3 className="font-display text-lg font-medium text-slate truncate">
 												{deck.name}
-											</Link>
-										</h3>
+											</h3>
+										</Link>
 										{deck.description && (
-											<p style={{ margin: "0.5rem 0 0 0", color: "#666" }}>
+											<p className="text-muted text-sm mt-1 line-clamp-2">
 												{deck.description}
 											</p>
 										)}
 									</div>
-									<div style={{ display: "flex", gap: "0.5rem" }}>
-										<button type="button" onClick={() => setEditingDeck(deck)}>
-											Edit
+									<div className="flex items-center gap-2 shrink-0">
+										<button
+											type="button"
+											onClick={() => setEditingDeck(deck)}
+											className="p-2 text-muted hover:text-slate hover:bg-ivory rounded-lg transition-colors"
+											title="Edit deck"
+										>
+											<svg
+												className="w-4 h-4"
+												fill="none"
+												stroke="currentColor"
+												viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+												aria-hidden="true"
+											>
+												<path
+													strokeLinecap="round"
+													strokeLinejoin="round"
+													strokeWidth={2}
+													d="M11 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v11a2 2 0 002 2h11a2 2 0 002-2v-5m-1.414-9.414a2 2 0 112.828 2.828L11.828 15H9v-2.828l8.586-8.586z"
+												/>
+											</svg>
 										</button>
 										<button
 											type="button"
 											onClick={() => setDeletingDeck(deck)}
-											style={{
-												backgroundColor: "#dc3545",
-												color: "white",
-												border: "none",
-												padding: "0.25rem 0.5rem",
-												borderRadius: "4px",
-												cursor: "pointer",
-											}}
+											className="p-2 text-muted hover:text-error hover:bg-error/5 rounded-lg transition-colors"
+											title="Delete deck"
 										>
-											Delete
+											<svg
+												className="w-4 h-4"
+												fill="none"
+												stroke="currentColor"
+												viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+												aria-hidden="true"
+											>
+												<path
+													strokeLinecap="round"
+													strokeLinejoin="round"
+													strokeWidth={2}
+													d="M19 7l-.867 12.142A2 2 0 0116.138 21H7.862a2 2 0 01-1.995-1.858L5 7m5 4v6m4-6v6m1-10V4a1 1 0 00-1-1h-4a1 1 0 00-1 1v3M4 7h16"
+												/>
+											</svg>
 										</button>
 									</div>
 								</div>
-							</li>
+							</div>
 						))}
-					</ul>
+					</div>
 				)}
 			</main>
 
+			{/* Modals */}
 			<CreateDeckModal
 				isOpen={isCreateModalOpen}
 				onClose={() => setIsCreateModalOpen(false)}
diff --git a/src/client/pages/LoginPage.test.tsx b/src/client/pages/LoginPage.test.tsx
index 724f433..e4dac95 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/LoginPage.test.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/LoginPage.test.tsx
@@ -55,10 +55,11 @@ describe("LoginPage", () => {
 	it("renders login form", async () => {
 		renderWithProviders();
 
-		expect(screen.getByRole("heading", { name: "Login" })).toBeDefined();
+		expect(screen.getByRole("heading", { name: "Kioku" })).toBeDefined();
+		expect(screen.getByRole("heading", { name: "Welcome back" })).toBeDefined();
 		expect(screen.getByLabelText("Username")).toBeDefined();
 		expect(screen.getByLabelText("Password")).toBeDefined();
-		expect(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Login" })).toBeDefined();
+		expect(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Sign in" })).toBeDefined();
 	});
 
 	it("submits form and logs in successfully", async () => {
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ describe("LoginPage", () => {
 
 		await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Username"), "testuser");
 		await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Password"), "password123");
-		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Login" }));
+		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Sign in" }));
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
 			expect(apiClient.login).toHaveBeenCalledWith("testuser", "password123");
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ describe("LoginPage", () => {
 
 		await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Username"), "testuser");
 		await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Password"), "wrongpassword");
-		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Login" }));
+		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Sign in" }));
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
 			expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe("Invalid credentials");
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ describe("LoginPage", () => {
 
 		await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Username"), "testuser");
 		await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Password"), "password123");
-		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Login" }));
+		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Sign in" }));
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
 			expect(screen.getByRole("alert").textContent).toBe(
@@ -126,10 +127,10 @@ describe("LoginPage", () => {
 
 		await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Username"), "testuser");
 		await user.type(screen.getByLabelText("Password"), "password123");
-		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Login" }));
+		await user.click(screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Sign in" }));
 
 		await waitFor(() => {
-			const button = screen.getByRole("button", { name: "Logging in..." });
+			const button = screen.getByRole("button", { name: /Signing in/ });
 			expect(button.hasAttribute("disabled")).toBe(true);
 		});
 		expect(
diff --git a/src/client/pages/LoginPage.tsx b/src/client/pages/LoginPage.tsx
index cc59105..89dd053 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/LoginPage.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/LoginPage.tsx
@@ -38,42 +38,113 @@ export function LoginPage() {
 	};
 
 	return (
-		<div>
-			<h1>Login</h1>
-			<form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
-				{error && (
-					<div role="alert" style={{ color: "red" }}>
-						{error}
-					</div>
-				)}
-				<div>
-					<label htmlFor="username">Username</label>
-					<input
-						id="username"
-						type="text"
-						value={username}
-						onChange={(e) => setUsername(e.target.value)}
-						required
-						autoComplete="username"
-						disabled={isSubmitting}
-					/>
+		<div className="min-h-screen flex items-center justify-center px-4 py-12 bg-cream">
+			<div className="w-full max-w-sm animate-slide-up">
+				{/* Logo/Brand */}
+				<div className="text-center mb-10">
+					<h1 className="font-display text-4xl font-semibold text-ink tracking-tight">
+						Kioku
+					</h1>
+					<p className="mt-2 text-muted text-sm">Your memory, amplified</p>
 				</div>
-				<div>
-					<label htmlFor="password">Password</label>
-					<input
-						id="password"
-						type="password"
-						value={password}
-						onChange={(e) => setPassword(e.target.value)}
-						required
-						autoComplete="current-password"
-						disabled={isSubmitting}
-					/>
+
+				{/* Login Card */}
+				<div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-lg p-8 border border-border/50">
+					<h2 className="font-display text-xl font-medium text-slate mb-6">
+						Welcome back
+					</h2>
+
+					<form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="space-y-5">
+						{error && (
+							<div
+								role="alert"
+								className="bg-error/5 text-error text-sm px-4 py-3 rounded-lg border border-error/20"
+							>
+								{error}
+							</div>
+						)}
+
+						<div>
+							<label
+								htmlFor="username"
+								className="block text-sm font-medium text-slate mb-1.5"
+							>
+								Username
+							</label>
+							<input
+								id="username"
+								type="text"
+								value={username}
+								onChange={(e) => setUsername(e.target.value)}
+								required
+								autoComplete="username"
+								disabled={isSubmitting}
+								className="w-full px-4 py-2.5 bg-ivory border border-border rounded-lg text-slate placeholder-muted transition-all duration-200 hover:border-muted focus:border-primary focus:ring-2 focus:ring-primary/10 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
+								placeholder="Enter your username"
+							/>
+						</div>
+
+						<div>
+							<label
+								htmlFor="password"
+								className="block text-sm font-medium text-slate mb-1.5"
+							>
+								Password
+							</label>
+							<input
+								id="password"
+								type="password"
+								value={password}
+								onChange={(e) => setPassword(e.target.value)}
+								required
+								autoComplete="current-password"
+								disabled={isSubmitting}
+								className="w-full px-4 py-2.5 bg-ivory border border-border rounded-lg text-slate placeholder-muted transition-all duration-200 hover:border-muted focus:border-primary focus:ring-2 focus:ring-primary/10 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
+								placeholder="Enter your password"
+							/>
+						</div>
+
+						<button
+							type="submit"
+							disabled={isSubmitting}
+							className="w-full bg-primary hover:bg-primary-dark text-white font-medium py-2.5 px-4 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed active:scale-[0.98] shadow-sm hover:shadow-md"
+						>
+							{isSubmitting ? (
+								<span className="flex items-center justify-center gap-2">
+									<svg
+										className="animate-spin h-4 w-4"
+										viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+										aria-hidden="true"
+									>
+										<circle
+											className="opacity-25"
+											cx="12"
+											cy="12"
+											r="10"
+											stroke="currentColor"
+											strokeWidth="4"
+											fill="none"
+										/>
+										<path
+											className="opacity-75"
+											fill="currentColor"
+											d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4z"
+										/>
+									</svg>
+									Signing in...
+								</span>
+							) : (
+								"Sign in"
+							)}
+						</button>
+					</form>
 				</div>
-				<button type="submit" disabled={isSubmitting}>
-					{isSubmitting ? "Logging in..." : "Login"}
-				</button>
-			</form>
+
+				{/* Footer note */}
+				<p className="text-center text-muted text-xs mt-6">
+					Spaced repetition learning
+				</p>
+			</div>
 		</div>
 	);
 }
diff --git a/src/client/pages/NotFoundPage.tsx b/src/client/pages/NotFoundPage.tsx
index 289dab5..72531c1 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/NotFoundPage.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/NotFoundPage.tsx
@@ -2,10 +2,52 @@ import { Link } from "wouter";
 
 export function NotFoundPage() {
 	return (
-		<div>
-			<h1>404 - Not Found</h1>
-			<p>The page you're looking for doesn't exist.</p>
-			<Link href="/">Go to Home</Link>
+		<div className="min-h-screen bg-cream flex items-center justify-center px-4">
+			<div className="text-center animate-fade-in">
+				<div className="w-20 h-20 mx-auto mb-6 bg-ivory rounded-2xl flex items-center justify-center">
+					<svg
+						className="w-10 h-10 text-muted"
+						fill="none"
+						stroke="currentColor"
+						viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+						aria-hidden="true"
+					>
+						<path
+							strokeLinecap="round"
+							strokeLinejoin="round"
+							strokeWidth={1.5}
+							d="M9.172 16.172a4 4 0 015.656 0M9 10h.01M15 10h.01M21 12a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"
+						/>
+					</svg>
+				</div>
+				<h1 className="font-display text-6xl font-bold text-ink mb-2">404</h1>
+				<h2 className="font-display text-xl font-medium text-slate mb-4">
+					Page Not Found
+				</h2>
+				<p className="text-muted mb-8 max-w-sm mx-auto">
+					The page you're looking for doesn't exist or has been moved.
+				</p>
+				<Link
+					href="/"
+					className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 bg-primary hover:bg-primary-dark text-white font-medium py-2.5 px-5 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200"
+				>
+					<svg
+						className="w-5 h-5"
+						fill="none"
+						stroke="currentColor"
+						viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+						aria-hidden="true"
+					>
+						<path
+							strokeLinecap="round"
+							strokeLinejoin="round"
+							strokeWidth={2}
+							d="M3 12l2-2m0 0l7-7 7 7M5 10v10a1 1 0 001 1h3m10-11l2 2m-2-2v10a1 1 0 01-1 1h-3m-6 0a1 1 0 001-1v-4a1 1 0 011-1h2a1 1 0 011 1v4a1 1 0 001 1m-6 0h6"
+						/>
+					</svg>
+					Go Home
+				</Link>
+			</div>
 		</div>
 	);
 }
diff --git a/src/client/pages/StudyPage.test.tsx b/src/client/pages/StudyPage.test.tsx
index bab9193..146322a 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/StudyPage.test.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/StudyPage.test.tsx
@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ describe("StudyPage", () => {
 
 			renderWithProviders();
 
-			expect(screen.getByText("Loading study session...")).toBeDefined();
+			// Loading state shows spinner (svg with animate-spin class)
+			expect(document.querySelector(".animate-spin")).toBeDefined();
 		});
 
 		it("renders deck name and back link", async () => {
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ describe("StudyPage", () => {
 
 			await waitFor(() => {
 				expect(
-					screen.getByRole("heading", { name: /Study: Japanese Vocabulary/ }),
+					screen.getByRole("heading", { name: /Japanese Vocabulary/ }),
 				).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
@@ -229,7 +230,7 @@ describe("StudyPage", () => {
 
 			await waitFor(() => {
 				expect(
-					screen.getByRole("heading", { name: /Study: Japanese Vocabulary/ }),
+					screen.getByRole("heading", { name: /Japanese Vocabulary/ }),
 				).toBeDefined();
 			});
 		});
@@ -252,9 +253,9 @@ describe("StudyPage", () => {
 			await waitFor(() => {
 				expect(screen.getByTestId("no-cards")).toBeDefined();
 			});
-			expect(screen.getByText("No cards to study")).toBeDefined();
+			expect(screen.getByText("All caught up!")).toBeDefined();
 			expect(
-				screen.getByText("There are no due cards in this deck right now."),
+				screen.getByText("No cards due for review right now"),
 			).toBeDefined();
 		});
 	});
@@ -633,7 +634,7 @@ describe("StudyPage", () => {
 				expect(screen.getByTestId("session-complete")).toBeDefined();
 			});
 
-			expect(screen.getByText("Back to Deck")).toBeDefined();
+			expect(screen.getAllByText("Back to Deck").length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
 			expect(screen.getByText("All Decks")).toBeDefined();
 		});
 	});
diff --git a/src/client/pages/StudyPage.tsx b/src/client/pages/StudyPage.tsx
index 03cb537..16c1a1c 100644
--- a/src/client/pages/StudyPage.tsx
+++ b/src/client/pages/StudyPage.tsx
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ const RatingLabels: Record<Rating, string> = {
 	4: "Easy",
 };
 
-const RatingColors: Record<Rating, string> = {
-	1: "#dc3545",
-	2: "#fd7e14",
-	3: "#28a745",
-	4: "#007bff",
+const RatingStyles: Record<Rating, string> = {
+	1: "bg-again hover:bg-again/90 focus:ring-again/30",
+	2: "bg-hard hover:bg-hard/90 focus:ring-hard/30",
+	3: "bg-good hover:bg-good/90 focus:ring-good/30",
+	4: "bg-easy hover:bg-easy/90 focus:ring-easy/30",
 };
 
 export function StudyPage() {
@@ -217,9 +217,16 @@ export function StudyPage() {
 
 	if (!deckId) {
 		return (
-			<div>
-				<p>Invalid deck ID</p>
-				<Link href="/">Back to decks</Link>
+			<div className="min-h-screen bg-cream flex items-center justify-center">
+				<div className="text-center">
+					<p className="text-muted mb-4">Invalid deck ID</p>
+					<Link
+						href="/"
+						className="text-primary hover:text-primary-dark font-medium"
+					>
+						Back to decks
+					</Link>
+				</div>
 			</div>
 		);
 	}
@@ -230,218 +237,259 @@ export function StudyPage() {
 	const remainingCards = cards.length - currentIndex;
 
 	return (
-		<div style={{ maxWidth: "600px", margin: "0 auto", padding: "1rem" }}>
-			<header style={{ marginBottom: "1rem" }}>
-				<Link href={`/decks/${deckId}`} style={{ textDecoration: "none" }}>
-					&larr; Back to Deck
-				</Link>
-			</header>
-
-			{isLoading && <p>Loading study session...</p>}
-
-			{error && (
-				<div role="alert" style={{ color: "red", marginBottom: "1rem" }}>
-					{error}
-					<button
-						type="button"
-						onClick={fetchData}
-						style={{ marginLeft: "0.5rem" }}
+		<div className="min-h-screen bg-cream flex flex-col">
+			{/* Header */}
+			<header className="bg-white border-b border-border/50 shrink-0">
+				<div className="max-w-2xl mx-auto px-4 py-4">
+					<Link
+						href={`/decks/${deckId}`}
+						className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 text-muted hover:text-slate transition-colors text-sm"
 					>
-						Retry
-					</button>
+						<svg
+							className="w-4 h-4"
+							fill="none"
+							stroke="currentColor"
+							viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+							aria-hidden="true"
+						>
+							<path
+								strokeLinecap="round"
+								strokeLinejoin="round"
+								strokeWidth={2}
+								d="M15 19l-7-7 7-7"
+							/>
+						</svg>
+						Back to Deck
+					</Link>
 				</div>
-			)}
+			</header>
 
-			{!isLoading && !error && deck && (
-				<>
-					<div
-						style={{
-							display: "flex",
-							justifyContent: "space-between",
-							alignItems: "center",
-							marginBottom: "1rem",
-						}}
-					>
-						<h1 style={{ margin: 0 }}>Study: {deck.name}</h1>
-						{!isSessionComplete && !hasNoCards && (
-							<span
-								data-testid="remaining-count"
-								style={{
-									backgroundColor: "#f0f0f0",
-									padding: "0.25rem 0.75rem",
-									borderRadius: "12px",
-									fontSize: "0.875rem",
-								}}
-							>
-								{remainingCards} remaining
-							</span>
-						)}
+			{/* Main Content */}
+			<main className="flex-1 flex flex-col max-w-2xl mx-auto w-full px-4 py-6">
+				{/* Loading State */}
+				{isLoading && (
+					<div className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center">
+						<svg
+							className="animate-spin h-8 w-8 text-primary"
+							viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+							aria-hidden="true"
+						>
+							<circle
+								className="opacity-25"
+								cx="12"
+								cy="12"
+								r="10"
+								stroke="currentColor"
+								strokeWidth="4"
+								fill="none"
+							/>
+							<path
+								className="opacity-75"
+								fill="currentColor"
+								d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4z"
+							/>
+						</svg>
 					</div>
+				)}
 
-					{hasNoCards && (
-						<div
-							data-testid="no-cards"
-							style={{
-								textAlign: "center",
-								padding: "3rem 1rem",
-								backgroundColor: "#f8f9fa",
-								borderRadius: "8px",
-							}}
+				{/* Error State */}
+				{error && (
+					<div
+						role="alert"
+						className="bg-error/5 border border-error/20 rounded-xl p-4 flex items-center justify-between mb-4"
+					>
+						<span className="text-error">{error}</span>
+						<button
+							type="button"
+							onClick={fetchData}
+							className="text-error hover:text-error/80 font-medium text-sm"
 						>
-							<h2 style={{ marginTop: 0 }}>No cards to study</h2>
-							<p style={{ color: "#666" }}>
-								There are no due cards in this deck right now.
-							</p>
-							<Link href={`/decks/${deckId}`}>
-								<button type="button">Back to Deck</button>
-							</Link>
+							Retry
+						</button>
+					</div>
+				)}
+
+				{/* Study Content */}
+				{!isLoading && !error && deck && (
+					<div className="flex-1 flex flex-col animate-fade-in">
+						{/* Study Header */}
+						<div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-6">
+							<h1 className="font-display text-xl font-medium text-slate truncate">
+								{deck.name}
+							</h1>
+							{!isSessionComplete && !hasNoCards && (
+								<span
+									data-testid="remaining-count"
+									className="bg-ivory text-slate px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium"
+								>
+									{remainingCards} remaining
+								</span>
+							)}
 						</div>
-					)}
-
-					{isSessionComplete && (
-						<div
-							data-testid="session-complete"
-							style={{
-								textAlign: "center",
-								padding: "3rem 1rem",
-								backgroundColor: "#d4edda",
-								borderRadius: "8px",
-							}}
-						>
-							<h2 style={{ marginTop: 0, color: "#155724" }}>
-								Session Complete!
-							</h2>
-							<p style={{ fontSize: "1.25rem", marginBottom: "1.5rem" }}>
-								You reviewed{" "}
-								<strong data-testid="completed-count">{completedCount}</strong>{" "}
-								card{completedCount !== 1 ? "s" : ""}.
-							</p>
+
+						{/* No Cards State */}
+						{hasNoCards && (
 							<div
-								style={{
-									display: "flex",
-									gap: "1rem",
-									justifyContent: "center",
-								}}
+								data-testid="no-cards"
+								className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center"
 							>
-								<Link href={`/decks/${deckId}`}>
-									<button type="button">Back to Deck</button>
-								</Link>
-								<Link href="/">
-									<button type="button">All Decks</button>
-								</Link>
+								<div className="text-center py-12 px-6 bg-white rounded-2xl border border-border/50 shadow-card max-w-sm w-full">
+									<div className="w-16 h-16 mx-auto mb-4 bg-success/10 rounded-2xl flex items-center justify-center">
+										<svg
+											className="w-8 h-8 text-success"
+											fill="none"
+											stroke="currentColor"
+											viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+											aria-hidden="true"
+										>
+											<path
+												strokeLinecap="round"
+												strokeLinejoin="round"
+												strokeWidth={2}
+												d="M5 13l4 4L19 7"
+											/>
+										</svg>
+									</div>
+									<h2 className="font-display text-xl font-medium text-slate mb-2">
+										All caught up!
+									</h2>
+									<p className="text-muted text-sm mb-6">
+										No cards due for review right now
+									</p>
+									<Link
+										href={`/decks/${deckId}`}
+										className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 bg-primary hover:bg-primary-dark text-white font-medium py-2.5 px-5 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200"
+									>
+										Back to Deck
+									</Link>
+								</div>
 							</div>
-						</div>
-					)}
-
-					{currentCard && !isSessionComplete && (
-						<div data-testid="study-card">
-							<button
-								type="button"
-								data-testid="card-container"
-								onClick={!isFlipped ? handleFlip : undefined}
-								aria-label={
-									isFlipped ? "Card showing answer" : "Click to reveal answer"
-								}
-								disabled={isFlipped}
-								style={{
-									width: "100%",
-									border: "1px solid #ccc",
-									borderRadius: "8px",
-									padding: "2rem",
-									minHeight: "200px",
-									display: "flex",
-									flexDirection: "column",
-									justifyContent: "center",
-									alignItems: "center",
-									cursor: isFlipped ? "default" : "pointer",
-									backgroundColor: isFlipped ? "#f8f9fa" : "white",
-									transition: "background-color 0.2s",
-									font: "inherit",
-								}}
+						)}
+
+						{/* Session Complete State */}
+						{isSessionComplete && (
+							<div
+								data-testid="session-complete"
+								className="flex-1 flex items-center justify-center"
 							>
-								{!isFlipped ? (
-									<>
-										<p
-											data-testid="card-front"
-											style={{
-												fontSize: "1.25rem",
-												textAlign: "center",
-												margin: 0,
-												whiteSpace: "pre-wrap",
-												wordBreak: "break-word",
-											}}
+								<div className="text-center py-12 px-6 bg-white rounded-2xl border border-border/50 shadow-lg max-w-sm w-full animate-scale-in">
+									<div className="w-20 h-20 mx-auto mb-6 bg-success/10 rounded-full flex items-center justify-center">
+										<svg
+											className="w-10 h-10 text-success"
+											fill="none"
+											stroke="currentColor"
+											viewBox="0 0 24 24"
+											aria-hidden="true"
 										>
-											{currentCard.front}
-										</p>
+											<path
+												strokeLinecap="round"
+												strokeLinejoin="round"
+												strokeWidth={2}
+												d="M9 12l2 2 4-4m6 2a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z"
+											/>
+										</svg>
+									</div>
+									<h2 className="font-display text-2xl font-semibold text-ink mb-2">
+										Session Complete!
+									</h2>
+									<p className="text-muted mb-1">You reviewed</p>
+									<p className="text-4xl font-display font-bold text-primary mb-1">
+										<span data-testid="completed-count">{completedCount}</span>
+									</p>
+									<p className="text-muted mb-8">
+										card{completedCount !== 1 ? "s" : ""}
+									</p>
+									<div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-3 justify-center">
+										<Link
+											href={`/decks/${deckId}`}
+											className="inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-2 bg-primary hover:bg-primary-dark text-white font-medium py-2.5 px-5 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200"
+										>
+											Back to Deck
+										</Link>
+										<Link
+											href="/"
+											className="inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-2 bg-ivory hover:bg-border text-slate font-medium py-2.5 px-5 rounded-lg transition-all duration-200"
+										>
+											All Decks
+										</Link>
+									</div>
+								</div>
+							</div>
+						)}
+
+						{/* Active Study Card */}
+						{currentCard && !isSessionComplete && (
+							<div data-testid="study-card" className="flex-1 flex flex-col">
+								{/* Card */}
+								<button
+									type="button"
+									data-testid="card-container"
+									onClick={!isFlipped ? handleFlip : undefined}
+									aria-label={
+										isFlipped ? "Card showing answer" : "Click to reveal answer"
+									}
+									disabled={isFlipped}
+									className={`flex-1 min-h-[280px] bg-white rounded-2xl border border-border/50 shadow-card p-8 flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-center transition-all duration-300 ${
+										!isFlipped
+											? "cursor-pointer hover:shadow-lg hover:border-primary/30 active:scale-[0.99]"
+											: "bg-ivory/50"
+									}`}
+								>
+									{!isFlipped ? (
+										<>
+											<p
+												data-testid="card-front"
+												className="text-xl md:text-2xl text-ink font-medium whitespace-pre-wrap break-words leading-relaxed"
+											>
+												{currentCard.front}
+											</p>
+											<p className="mt-8 text-muted text-sm flex items-center gap-2">
+												<kbd className="px-2 py-0.5 bg-ivory rounded text-xs font-mono">
+													Space
+												</kbd>
+												<span>or tap to reveal</span>
+											</p>
+										</>
+									) : (
 										<p
-											style={{
-												marginTop: "1.5rem",
-												color: "#666",
-												fontSize: "0.875rem",
-											}}
+											data-testid="card-back"
+											className="text-xl md:text-2xl text-ink font-medium whitespace-pre-wrap break-words leading-relaxed animate-fade-in"
 										>
-											Click or press Space to reveal
+											{currentCard.back}
 										</p>
-									</>
-								) : (
-									<p
-										data-testid="card-back"
-										style={{
-											fontSize: "1.25rem",
-											textAlign: "center",
-											margin: 0,
-											whiteSpace: "pre-wrap",
-											wordBreak: "break-word",
-										}}
+									)}
+								</button>
+
+								{/* Rating Buttons */}
+								{isFlipped && (
+									<div
+										data-testid="rating-buttons"
+										className="mt-6 grid grid-cols-4 gap-2 animate-slide-up"
 									>
-										{currentCard.back}
-									</p>
+										{([1, 2, 3, 4] as Rating[]).map((rating) => (
+											<button
+												key={rating}
+												type="button"
+												data-testid={`rating-${rating}`}
+												onClick={() => handleRating(rating)}
+												disabled={isSubmitting}
+												className={`py-4 px-2 rounded-xl text-white font-medium transition-all duration-200 focus:ring-2 focus:ring-offset-2 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed active:scale-[0.97] ${RatingStyles[rating]}`}
+											>
+												<span className="block text-base font-semibold">
+													{RatingLabels[rating]}
+												</span>
+												<span className="block text-xs opacity-80 mt-0.5">
+													{rating}
+												</span>
+											</button>
+										))}
+									</div>
 								)}
-							</button>
-
-							{isFlipped && (
-								<div
-									data-testid="rating-buttons"
-									style={{
-										display: "flex",
-										gap: "0.5rem",
-										justifyContent: "center",
-										marginTop: "1rem",
-									}}
-								>
-									{([1, 2, 3, 4] as Rating[]).map((rating) => (
-										<button
-											key={rating}
-											type="button"
-											data-testid={`rating-${rating}`}
-											onClick={() => handleRating(rating)}
-											disabled={isSubmitting}
-											style={{
-												flex: 1,
-												padding: "0.75rem 1rem",
-												backgroundColor: RatingColors[rating],
-												color: "white",
-												border: "none",
-												borderRadius: "4px",
-												cursor: isSubmitting ? "not-allowed" : "pointer",
-												opacity: isSubmitting ? 0.6 : 1,
-												fontSize: "0.875rem",
-											}}
-										>
-											<span style={{ display: "block", fontWeight: "bold" }}>
-												{RatingLabels[rating]}
-											</span>
-											<span style={{ display: "block", fontSize: "0.75rem" }}>
-												{rating}
-											</span>
-										</button>
-									))}
-								</div>
-							)}
-						</div>
-					)}
-				</>
-			)}
+							</div>
+						)}
+					</div>
+				)}
+			</main>
 		</div>
 	);
 }