Merge branch 'feat/ruby-rewrite'

1 files changed, 62 insertions, 55 deletions

diff --git a/services/nuldoc/public/blog/posts/2024-04-21/pipefail-option-in-gitlab-ci-cd/index.html b/services/nuldoc/public/blog/posts/2024-04-21/pipefail-option-in-gitlab-ci-cd/index.html
index c709dba1..97704903 100644
--- a/services/nuldoc/public/blog/posts/2024-04-21/pipefail-option-in-gitlab-ci-cd/index.html
+++ b/services/nuldoc/public/blog/posts/2024-04-21/pipefail-option-in-gitlab-ci-cd/index.html
@@ -116,14 +116,15 @@
                 例:
               </p>
               <div class="codeblock">
-                <pre class="shiki github-light" style="background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#24292e" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">hello-world</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  stage</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">test</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  image</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">alpine:latest</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  script</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">    - </span><span style="color:#032F62">'echo "Hello, World!"'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  rules</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">    - </span><span style="color:#22863A">if</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">'$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  when</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">always</span></span></code></pre>
+                <pre class="highlight" style="background-color:#f5f5f5"><code><span style="color: #116329">hello-world</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">stage</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">test</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">image</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">alpine:latest</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">script</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+    <span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">-</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">'</span><span style="color: #0a3069">echo</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">"Hello,</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">World!"'</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">rules</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+    <span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">-</span> <span style="color: #116329">if</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">'</span><span style="color: #0a3069">$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID'</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">when</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">always</span>
+</code></pre>
               </div>
               <p>
                 ここで、<code>script</code> に指定したコマンドが失敗する (exit status が 0 以外になる) と、即座に実行が停止され、ジョブは失敗する。
@@ -132,14 +133,15 @@
                 では、次のようなケースだとどうなるか。
               </p>
               <div class="codeblock">
-                <pre class="shiki github-light" style="background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#24292e" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">hello-world</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  stage</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">test</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  image</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">alpine:latest</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  script</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">    - </span><span style="color:#032F62">'exit 1 | exit 0'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  rules</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">    - </span><span style="color:#22863A">if</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">'$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  when</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">always</span></span></code></pre>
+                <pre class="highlight" style="background-color:#f5f5f5"><code><span style="color: #116329">hello-world</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">stage</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">test</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">image</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">alpine:latest</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">script</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+    <span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">-</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">'</span><span style="color: #0a3069">exit</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">1</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">|</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">exit</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">0'</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">rules</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+    <span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">-</span> <span style="color: #116329">if</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">'</span><span style="color: #0a3069">$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID'</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">when</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">always</span>
+</code></pre>
               </div>
               <p>
                 失敗するコマンドをパイプに接続した。通常 Bash では、パイプの最後のコマンドの exit code が全体の exit code になる。
@@ -151,10 +153,11 @@
                 前述したようなケースにおいて、途中で失敗したときに全体を失敗させるには、<code>pipefail</code> オプションを有効にする。
               </p>
               <div class="codeblock">
-                <pre class="shiki github-light" style="background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#24292e" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D"># On にする</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#005CC5">set</span><span style="color:#005CC5"> -o</span><span style="color:#032F62"> pipefail</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D"># Off にする</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#005CC5">set</span><span style="color:#032F62"> +o</span><span style="color:#032F62"> pipefail</span></span></code></pre>
+                <pre class="highlight" style="background-color:#f5f5f5"><code><span style="color: #6e7781"># On にする</span>
+<span style="color: #953800">set</span> <span style="color: #116329">-o</span> pipefail
+<span style="color: #6e7781"># Off にする</span>
+<span style="color: #953800">set</span> +o pipefail
+</code></pre>
               </div>
               <p>
                 こうすると、パイプ全体が失敗するようになる。この設定は、デフォルトだと off になっている。
@@ -167,14 +170,15 @@
               次のような GitLab CI/CD ジョブが失敗してしまった。
             </p>
             <div class="codeblock">
-              <pre class="shiki github-light" style="background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#24292e" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">hoge</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  stage</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">test</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  image</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">alpine:latest</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  script</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">    - </span><span style="color:#032F62">'cat hoge.txt | grep piyo | sed -e "s/foo/bar/g"'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  rules</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">    - </span><span style="color:#22863A">if</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">'$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">  when</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">always</span></span></code></pre>
+              <pre class="highlight" style="background-color:#f5f5f5"><code><span style="color: #116329">hoge</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">stage</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">test</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">image</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">alpine:latest</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">script</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+    <span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">-</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">'</span><span style="color: #0a3069">cat</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">hoge.txt</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">|</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">grep</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">piyo</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">|</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">sed</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">-e</span><span style="color: #0550ae"> </span><span style="color: #0a3069">"s/foo/bar/g"'</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">rules</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+    <span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">-</span> <span style="color: #116329">if</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">'</span><span style="color: #0a3069">$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID'</span>
+  <span style="color: #116329">when</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">always</span>
+</code></pre>
             </div>
             <p>
               <code>grep</code> コマンドは、パターンにマッチする行が一行もなかったとき、exit code 1 を返す。よって、<code>pipefail</code> が on になっていると、このジョブは失敗する。現在の <code>pipefail</code> がどうなっているか確かめるため <code>set +o</code> で全オプションを出力させたところ、<code>pipefail</code> が on になっていた。
@@ -183,20 +187,21 @@
               しかし、先述したように Bash における <code>pipefail</code> のデフォルト値は off のはずだ。実際に、ローカルで <code>alpine:latest</code> を動かしてみたところ、
             </p>
             <div class="codeblock">
-              <pre class="shiki github-light" style="background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#24292e" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>$ docker run --rm alpine:latest sh -c "set +o"</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o errexit</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o noglob</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o ignoreeof</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o monitor</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o noexec</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o xtrace</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o verbose</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o noclobber</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o allexport</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o notify</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o nounset</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o vi</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>set +o pipefail</span></span></code></pre>
+              <pre class="highlight" style="background-color:#f5f5f5"><code>$ docker run --rm alpine:latest sh -c "set +o"
+set +o errexit
+set +o noglob
+set +o ignoreeof
+set +o monitor
+set +o noexec
+set +o xtrace
+set +o verbose
+set +o noclobber
+set +o allexport
+set +o notify
+set +o nounset
+set +o vi
+set +o pipefail
+</code></pre>
             </div>
             <p>
               確かに <code>pipefail</code> は無効になっている。
@@ -211,9 +216,10 @@
               <code>.gitlab-ci.yml</code> で明示的には書いていないので、GitLab Runner (GitLab CI/CD のスクリプトを実行するプログラム) が勝手に追加しているに違いない。そう仮説を立てて <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">GitLab Runner のリポジトリ</a> を調査したところ、 <a href="https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-runner/-/blob/c75da0796a0e3048991dccfdf2784e3d931beda4/shells/bash.go#L276" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">ソースコード中の以下の箇所</a> で <code>set -o pipefail</code> していることが判明した (コメントは筆者による)。
             </p>
             <div class="codeblock">
-              <pre class="shiki github-light" style="background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#24292e" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D">// pipefail オプションが存在しない環境にも対応するため、</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#6A737D">// 先に set -o でオプション一覧を表示させたあと、set -o pipefail している</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">buf.</span><span style="color:#6F42C1">WriteString</span><span style="color:#24292E">(</span><span style="color:#032F62">"if set -o | grep pipefail > /dev/null; then set -o pipefail; fi; set -o errexit</span><span style="color:#005CC5">\n</span><span style="color:#032F62">"</span><span style="color:#24292E">)</span></span></code></pre>
+              <pre class="highlight" style="background-color:#f5f5f5"><code><span style="color: #6e7781">// pipefail オプションが存在しない環境にも対応するため、</span>
+<span style="color: #6e7781">// 先に set -o でオプション一覧を表示させたあと、set -o pipefail している</span>
+<span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">buf</span><span style="color: #0550ae">.</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">WriteString</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">(</span><span style="color: #0a3069">"if set -o | grep pipefail &gt; /dev/null; then set -o pipefail; fi; set -o errexit</span><span style="color: #0a3069">\n</span><span style="color: #0a3069">"</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">)</span>
+</code></pre>
             </div>
           </section>
           <section id="section--how-to-solve">
@@ -222,16 +228,17 @@
               通常の Bash スクリプトを書く場合と同様に、<code>pipefail</code> が on になっていては困る場所だけ off にしてやればよい。
             </p>
             <div class="codeblock">
-              <pre class="shiki github-light" style="background-color:#f5f5f5;color:#24292e" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A"> hoge</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">   stage</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">test</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">   image</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">alpine:latest</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">   script</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#032F62">+    - 'set +o pipefail'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">     - </span><span style="color:#032F62">'cat hoge.txt | grep piyo | sed -e "s/foo/bar/g"'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#032F62">+    - 'set -o pipefail'</span><span style="color:#6A737D"> # この例の場合、ここで終わりなので戻さなくてもよい</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">   rules</span><span style="color:#24292E">:</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#24292E">     - </span><span style="color:#22863A">if</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">'$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID'</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span style="color:#22863A">   when</span><span style="color:#24292E">: </span><span style="color:#032F62">always</span></span></code></pre>
+              <pre class="highlight" style="background-color:#f5f5f5"><code> <span style="color: #116329">hoge</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+   <span style="color: #116329">stage</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">test</span>
+   <span style="color: #116329">image</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">alpine:latest</span>
+   <span style="color: #116329">script</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+<span style="color: #0a3069">+    - 'set +o pipefail'</span>
+     <span style="color: #0a3069">- 'cat hoge.txt | grep piyo | sed -e "s/foo/bar/g"'</span>
+<span style="color: #0a3069">+    - 'set -o pipefail'</span> <span style="color: #6e7781"># この例の場合、ここで終わりなので戻さなくてもよい</span>
+   <span style="color: #116329">rules</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span>
+     <span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">-</span> <span style="color: #116329">if</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">'</span><span style="color: #0a3069">$CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID'</span>
+   <span style="color: #116329">when</span><span style="color: #24292f;background-color: #f6f8fa">:</span> <span style="color: #0a3069">always</span>
+</code></pre>
             </div>
           </section>
           <section id="section--remarks">